This course surveys the ongoing process of economic integration in Europe and critically evaluates the performance from the early stage of integration to the current EMU. The increasing trade and economic relations between China and Europe and the role of Macao are also examined.

CILO-1: Describe the historical development of European economies and identify the factors that have contributed to their success or challenges. CILO-2: Analyze the impact of globalization on European economies and the challenges posed by international trade and investment. CILO-3: Evaluate the role of institutions in economic growth and the challenges faced by European countries in maintaining their institutional frameworks. CILO-4: Critically assess the economic policies of European countries, including monetary and fiscal policy, and the role of the European Union in shaping economic outcomes.